Page type: Glossary / definition
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Meaning
Three-Ball Match Play is a format for three players. Each player plays an individual match against each of the other two at the same time, using one ball in both matches. It is therefore two simultaneous match relationships per player, not one three-way score.
How it matters in match play
Each player has two distinct matches, so a result or concession in one match does not automatically affect the other. For example, Alex may concede a hole to Ben while the separate match between Alex and Chris continues normally. The match outcomes are settled pair by pair under the agreed competition conditions.
Table
| Quick reference | Detail |
|---|---|
| Term | Three-Ball |
| Category | general |
| Applicable rule | Rule 21.4 |
| Related concepts | Match Play, Individual Match Play, Won Hole, Halved Hole |
Worked example
On the seventh hole, Alex scores 4, Ben 5 and Chris 6. Alex wins the hole against Ben and Chris, while Ben wins the hole against Chris; one hole has therefore produced three pair-by-pair outcomes rather than one overall three-player result.
Rule reference: Rule 21.4
Sources: www.randa.org , www.randa.org
Common questions
How many matches are in Three-Ball?
There are three individual matches in total: Alex versus Ben, Alex versus Chris, and Ben versus Chris. Each player is involved in two of them.
Does a concession in one Three-Ball match affect the other match?
No. Under Rule 21.4 clarification 21.4/1, a concession of a stroke, hole or match affects only the relevant pair's match. The other match continues separately.
Do all three players use separate balls in Three-Ball?
Each player plays one ball, and that ball is used in both of that player's matches. The Rules also provide a special procedure if a stroke is cancelled in only one match.
Is Three-Ball the same as a three-player team game?
No. Three-Ball Match Play is built from individual matches between each pair. It does not make the three players one side or create a single combined team score.
Can Three-Ball be played with handicaps?
The Rules define the match-play structure, but any handicap allowance and stroke allocation must come from the competition conditions and applicable World Handicap System guidance. Do not assume a casual house allowance.
Can Three-Ball finish with different results for the same player?
Yes. A player can beat one opponent and lose to the other, or halve one match while winning the other, because the two matches are distinct.